Relevance. This article discusses and analyzes methods for maintaining vision and aiming, and it has been revealed that the topic is quite relevant today, as athletes spend a lot of time aiming, and in this regard, the visual organs are overstretched and, as a result, vision is impaired.

The purpose of the study: to develop ways to restore the maintenance of vision in athletes, to develop recommendations on shooting techniques in which optical imperfections of the eye least affect the accuracy of aiming, the technical result and do not damage the archer's eyesight.

Methods and organization of research. A group of 6 athletes was compiled for the analysis. Archery at a distance of 18 meters, 60 scoring shots. The firing time is 120 seconds for three shots. Then, for three weeks, the athletes performed an appropriate set of exercises for vision. In the fourth week, there was a repeat performance of a set of exercises.

Conclusions. After examining the characteristics of the aiming technique in the presence of visual defects, it was found that an archer should not aim for a long time and focus his gaze on any object in the interval between aiming. In order to maintain the "working capacity" of the eye without reducing the accuracy of aiming, an archer should not look at objects with bright illumination on time or before shooting, and it is also necessary to avoid exposing the eyes to sudden transitions from shadow to light.

Relevance. The article discusses a comparison of the harmonious development of motor abilities in traditional physical education and functional-motor complex physical education of children of early, junior and middle preschool age in the Far North.

The purpose of the study is to show the advantage of focusing on functional-motor complex physical education in the harmonious development of children 2-5 years old in the Far North.

Methods and organization of the study. The harmony of development of motor skills (MS), physical qualities (FC) and functional motor abilities (FMS) of children 2–5 years old in the Far North was considered on the basis of the data we studied on the level of development of motor abilities of children in comparison with age-related normative indicators (Kravchuk, 2013; Schroeder, Kravchuk, 2019; Mukhina, 2017). In each type of readiness, the harmonious development of the child was considered to be the fulfillment of age standards and the failure to meet only one of them, and close to harmonious development was the failure to meet two standards. To assess the harmonious state of development of children's motor abilities, both indicators were taken into account.

Conclusions. Thus, the analysis of indicators of types of preparedness made it possible to identify the individual harmonious development of the child.

Relevance. The relative age effect is widespread in sports, it affects selection, training conditions, the final composition of sports teams and motivation of athletes, and, ultimately, career.

The aim was to assess the influence of the relative age effect in Russian cross-country skiing.

Methods and organization of the study. The athletes' dates of birth were downloaded from the official website of the Russian Cross-Country Skiing Federation (RCCF), and the final season ratings by age groups were downloaded from the same website. Two approaches were used - counting the dates of birth of athletes included in each quarter of the year and identifying statistically significant differences between their numbers in 4 quarters. The second approach is calculating the Poisson regression indicators and determining the discrimination index of athletes who were born at the end of the year compared to those born at the beginning of the year. Two samples were used: athletes included in the FLGR ranking based on the results of the 2023/24 season (881 athletes) and skiers aged 17 to 30 years (born in 1994 and younger) included in the athlete database of the official FLGR website, a total of 13,671 athletes. The samples were divided into groups of 17-18, 19-20, 21-23 years old and adult skiers (24 years and older) of male and female gender. Data collection and statistical processing were performed in the RStudio program. Results. The effect of relative age was revealed in the sample of athletes included in the database of the official FLGR website in all age groups for men and in the group of female athletes over 24 years old. In the samples of qualified skiers (included in the FLGR rating), the effect of relative age was revealed only in the age group of 17-19 years for men.

Purpose of the work: to study the dynamics of physical development and functional state of female students during their studies at a higher educational institution.

Material and methods: The study involved female students aged 18-23 studying at the university. Theoretical analysis of scientific and methodological literature and generalization of the collected material made it possible to identify problematic aspects of the age periodization of the study population. It was assumed that the study of indicators of physical development and functional state at the beginning and at the end of training would identify problematic aspects of physical activity in this age category.

Results: The data obtained in the work on the physical development and functional state of female students concretize the ideas about the changes occurring in the girls’ bodies during the period of study at a higher educational institution. Analysis of the results obtained showed that changes in the height and weight indicators of girls correspond to age periodization, and changes in body parameters do not cause significant deviations from age norms. But the lack of physical activity negatively affected the functionality of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems.

Conclusions: Problematic aspects of the physical development and functional state of female students were identified, and the need to modify the forms and means of physical improvement of female students for the entire period of study was noted.

Relevance: The development of Paralympic sports is an important task for ensuring an inclusive society and creating equal opportunities for people with disabilities. There are significant prospects for growth and development in this area in the Sverdlovsk region. The paper examines key growth points, including the creation of accessible sports infrastructure and transport logistics. Particular attention is paid to cooperation between government agencies, public organizations and the business sector to achieve a synergistic effect in the development of new disciplines and the Paralympic movement in the region.

Objective - to study the trend of adaptive sports development and holding All-Russian physical education and sports events in the Sverdlovsk region.

Research methods and organization: For the successful implementation of the program for the development of adaptive physical culture and Paralympic sports in the Sverdlovsk region, it is necessary to constantly increase the availability of a network of specialized sports facilities equipped for training and competitions in adaptive sports, training professional coaches, instructors, judges and medical professionals specializing in working with people with disabilities.

Conclusions. The development of adaptive sports in the Sverdlovsk Region has significant potential for growth and improvement. This creates favorable conditions for the sustainable development of adaptive sports in the Sverdlovsk region, which will lead to an increase in the number of active participants, an increase in the level of sportsmanship and a strengthening of the region's position at the national and international levels.

Relevance. The article presents a comprehensive analysis of state support for the development of physical culture and sports in the Bryansk region and the Perm Region. The key directions of regional policy in this area are considered, including financing the construction and modernization of sports facilities, the development of mass sports and high-performance sports, training of highly qualified personnel, as well as holding sports events at various levels.

Special attention is paid to the study of current targeted programs and activities aimed at popularizing physical culture and sports among various categories of the population, involving citizens in systematic physical activity, as well as identifying and supporting talented athletes. The volume of financing of this area from regional budgets, sources of attracting additional funds, as well as the effectiveness of the use of allocated resources are analyzed.

The study provides a comparative analysis of approaches to the development of physical culture and sports in the Bryansk region and the Perm Region, identifies the strengths and weaknesses of the existing support system in each region. Based on the results obtained, recommendations are formulated to improve the regional policy in the field of physical culture and sports, aimed at increasing its effectiveness and eliminating the identified shortcomings.

The article presents aspects characterizing the needs of the labor market for specialists of various qualifications, and determining decision-making when choosing training paths and educational programs using the example of such qualifications as technical specialists and winter sports equipment.

The purpose is to determine the demand by employers for personnel with technical qualifications for organizations engaged in activities in the field of physical culture and sports, and regional sports national teams.

Research methods. As part of the research work, the labor market was monitored in 2023 on the basis of the SM CADRES-FC and S information and analytical system and a web survey service created by the St. Petersburg Scientific Research Institute of Physical Culture.

Conclusions. In organizations and sports national teams, in the medium term, the demand for technical specialists for sports facilities and sports teams by sport was revealed. The formation of a system for training technical specialists requires overcoming the heterogeneity and lack of classification of qualifications of such specialists in regulatory documents.

The training of technical specialists for sports facilities and sports is offered as the content of educational programs of professionalism in the field of physical culture and sports, implemented to obtain additional qualifications in educational programs of secondary vocational education, or advanced training programs in the form of internships.

The article considers the relevance of creating a digital profile of karate athletes, taking into account their physical and psychological characteristics, and its impact on the effectiveness of tactical actions in a sports match. A model of an athlete's digital profile is presented and specific indicators are identified that will be used when choosing an individual tactical scheme for conducting a duel.

The purpose of the study is to determine an athlete's predisposition to a certain style of fighting, which is key to achieving high results in karate sports.

Organization and methods of research. To test the developed program, we will conduct a study, during which an analysis of the tactical training of karate athletes will be carried out, indicators of criteria for choosing a technical and tactical scheme (style) of conducting a sports duel (physical, anthropometric, psychological) will be revealed. Physical indicators will include the physical qualities of an athlete that influence the choice of a technical and tactical style of fighting: speed, reaction speed, strength, endurance, speed endurance, coordination abilities. Anthropometric indicators include the ratio of an athlete's height and weight, as well as an indicator such as the shoulder of strength, when performing basic technical actions used in karate. Psychological indicators include temperament types such as sanguine, choleric, phlegmatic and melancholic.

Conclusions. The issues related to the use of an athlete's digital profile for the individualization of tactical training of karate athletes remain open. To conduct the study, we plan to create a system in which the totality of the initial data will be conveniently received and processed, forming an individual profile of the athlete, which will correspond to a certain tactical scheme of the duel, taking into account all its advantages and disadvantages.

When forming the Sverdlovsk Region national computer sports team, some athletes and prize-winning teams of official regional sports competitions refuse to participate in official All-Russian sports competitions. The purpose of the research is to study the factors influencing the formation of a national team.

The purpose of the study is to identify the main problems in the formation of the national team of the Sverdlovsk region in computer sports.

Methods and organization of research. The main reason for athletes' refusal to participate in AllRussian competitions is the low motivation of athletes. Athletes with low motivation are not able to adjust their daily routine to the training process, and especially to do it in a team with other athletes. Athletes are experiencing financial difficulties with the purchase of gaming software and equipment. The use of online competition format negatively affects the formation of social ties between athletes of national teams. Weak social ties are one of the reasons for the fragility of societies.

Conclusions. The main reason for athletes' refusal to participate in All-Russian competitions is the low motivation of athletes. Gaming software costs a lot of money. Replenishment of the portfolio on foreign digital distribution platforms is associated with a commission for using foreign intermediaries, since Russian bank cards are not accepted for payment due to anti-Russian sanctions. Athletes are experiencing financial and technical difficulties with the purchase of gaming software and new equipment.

A partial solution to the problem of the lack of horizontal social connections may be to hold the finals of competitions on the site of a computer club. A partial solution to the problem of the lack of vertical social connections may be the use of social networks by the figures of the regional federation.

The article is devoted to sports selection and sports orientation of children as a fundamental factor for subsequent achievements in various sports. Recently, the issue of timely detection of children's inclination to certain sports has been raised quite often. One of the effective ways to attract children to systematic physical education and sports, as well as to develop mass sports and high-performance sports, is the introduction of a comprehensive, well-founded system of sports selection and sports orientation.

Why doesn't our national team have its own style of play? Spain has "tiki-taka", Italy has "ca tenaccio", the British prefer open "hit-and-run" football, the Brazilians have a bright and technical "jing", the Germans play on the counterattack, and the French won the World Cup in our country in the 18th year with their pragmatic game? A genetic predisposition to other types of spores? Poor infrastructure? The wrong climate region? The decline of the coaching school, even in comparison with the USSR? Homicide and corruption? Or maybe the lack of football traditions in general? Let's figure it out.

The purpose of the study is to identify possible reasons for the lag of Russian football in comparison with the world level.

Organization and methods of research. Although there are problems, it can be noted that in recent years the Russian government has shown greater interest in the development of sports, including football, and has taken steps to improve infrastructure.

Conclusions. The lack of participation of Russian clubs in European competitions has a negative impact on various aspects of Russian football, but this can be a catalyst for finding new ways, for example, participation in the Asian Champions League, or they may create an analog of the KHL, with the strongest clubs in the CIS.

Relevance. This article describes approaches to assessing physical performance in the context of optimizing the functional state of athletes. The analysis of physical working capacity in terms of its external (indicators of motor activity) and internal (biological determinants) manifestations is given. A methodology for assessing physical performance is proposed, which makes it possible to manage the functional state of an athlete.

The purpose of the work is to optimize the physical performance of athletes.

Methods and organization of research. In the proposed method, it is possible to determine the pulse of the aerobic threshold (AP), the threshold of anaerobic metabolism (APO), the power of the load to be overcome, and the efficiency of breathing. At different stages of athletic training, the athlete's condition changes, which, when repeated, is reflected in graphs characterizing physical performance, aerobic or anaerobic, as well as fatigue or fatigue. The data obtained makes it possible to evaluate the results of previous sports activities and plan subsequent activities.

Conclusions. Physical performance is a dynamic potential state of a person, determined by the nature of energy supply of his motor activity. It is possible to objectively assess physical performance in relation to the integral determinants accompanying athletic activity, namely external respiration to the load capacity for a certain time.