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Scientific and educational basics in physical culture and sports

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No 3 (2021)
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THEORY AND METHODOLOGY OF PHYSICAL CULTURE AND SPORTS

10-15 234
Abstract

Relevance. Strength is an important physical quality that must be developed to improve adaptation to physical exertion in everyday life. Speed-strength abilities are a special component and type of strength, this is the quality that everyone needs in everyday life, not only in everyday terms, but also in the special and general training of an athlete or amateur.

Purpose. increasing speed and strength training in athletes engaged in crossfit.

Methods and organization of research. The research was carried out in the sports complex "Optimist", as well as at the VIADUCT stadium in the city of New Urengoy, with a group of male athletes (age 25-30 years). Development of an experimental training methodology focused on improving speed and strength indicators.

The results of the research. The group developed harmoniously, the increase in the number of repetitions and the decrease in the time for performing complexes for all participants changed on average from 6-21%.

Presumably, the indicators were improved by performing more technically and physically complex exercises during the experiment, which contributed to strengthening the target muscle groups and improving coordination qualities. Strength endurance increased by keeping the heart rate in the right cardio zone.

Conclusions. Generally accepted methods differ by an unjustified difference in the direction of strength training without taking into account coordination and harmonious energy supply in movements. According to the results of the experiment, the results were improved in the exercise complexes.

16-21 699
Abstract

Relevance. At the present stage, in the conditions of the development of society in our country, it is envisaged to increase the role of physical culture and sports as an important means of educating the 'harmonious development' of an active life position.

Purpose. Improving the special endurance of rowers aged 15-16.

Methods and organization of research. The study was conducted in MBOU TO the Youth Sports School of the Verkhny Isetsky district of the city of Yekaterinburg. To carry out pedagogical observation and experiment, control and experimental groups of six people each were formed. The age of the athletes of the control and experimental groups at the time of the study was 15-16 years old. Both groups were preparing for the open championship of Yekaterinburg in rowing' competitions were held in the space on the rowing ergometer "Concept2".

The results of the research. According to the results of the assessment of special endurance on the rowing ergometer "Concept2", significantly significant differences were observed in the athletes of the experimental and control groups (p<0'05). According to the results of special training in the experimental group, the time of passing the 6km distance improved by an average of 1.54%' and 2km by 1.47%', while in the control group at the 6km station it improved by an average of 0.76% and 2km by 0'98%.

Conclusions. Currently, the following training methods are used in the training process of academic rowers for the development of endurance: the Lidiar training system' endurance development system, developed under the guidance of V.N. Seluyanov' Stephen Seiler's interval training system. The experimental methodology developed by us for the development of endurance of rowers aged 15-16 in the preparatory period included step-power exercises on the rowing ergometer "Concept2".

MATHEMATICAL AND NATURAL-SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS OF PHYSICAL CULTURE AND SPORTS

23-27 161
Abstract

Relevance. The problem of sports selection is constant and difficult to solve. This can be saddled if you determine their characteristics in terms of personality structure (Big Five) and then look for applicants with a similar configuration. However, it is well known that the reliability of written tests is not higher than 40%.

Purpose. We have written a software embodiment of a neural network in order to determine the top five personal qualities and type of character from a photo of the athletes' faces.

Methodology and organization of the research. A specially prepared dataset of more than 20,000 photos was used to train the network. During 20 eras of training, they received the lowest error rate and the highest proportion of correct answers -29.5%, while athletes are accurate only in 25% of cases.

Conclusions. In the course of our work, we obtained a complete neural network that allows us to identify the five personal qualities and the type of character of an athlete based on his face photo. We tested the percentage of correct answers obtained with different numbers of possible epochs implemented by us: we found out that with 30 epochs of training, the highest percentage is 29.5%, while the athletes themselves are accurate only in 25% of cases.

SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF PHYSICAL CULTURE AND SPORTS

29-34 485
Abstract

Relevance. The article is devoted to financial and economic risks in the field of physical culture and sports. Financial and economic risks in the FKiS organization were identified, their significance was determined. Conclusions are drawn as risks affect the effectiveness of the training process.

Purpose. Increasing the training effect by means of optimizing the organization's activities, taking into account risks.

Methods and organization of research. The risks inherent in the organization of FC and C. The presented algorithm for performing the analysis is universal, but each of the stages has different features depending on the scope of the research.

The results of the research. During the research work, 24 financial and economic risks were identified. Experts have developed a gradation of financial and economic risks of a physical culture and sports organization that characterizes the probability and severity of consequences from the onset of a particular financial and economic risk in the organization's activities.

Conclusions. The system of financial and economic risk management developed by us in a physical culture and sports organization will reduce the likelihood of risks and minimize the consequences of such risks as the risk of bankruptcy, liquidity and the risk of financial losses and lost profits.

35-39 164
Abstract

Relevance. The article reveals the specifics of teaching economic disciplines at the College of Physical Culture. The types of educational and cognitive activities aimed at the development of economic competence and the formation of students' economic knowledge are considered both as part of the study of economic disciplines and as a result of students attending seminars. Much attention is paid to solving various practical tasks and situational tasks of the economic character.

Purpose. To identify the level of development of economic literacy among students of the College of Physical Culture.

Methods and organization of research. The study involved full-time students of the College of Physical Culture. In the process of teaching economic disciplines, students of the College of Physical Culture form knowledge of the basics of economics, sports marketing, economics of physical culture.

The results of the research. As a result of the conducted research on the development of economic literacy among students of a physical education college, a certain dependence can be noted: the more students perform practical tasks, the higher their level of knowledge and, as a result, the higher the level of development of economic literacy, and consequently the level of preparedness to perform leadership work in sports activities.

Conclusions. The experience of real life and the current economic situation indicates that increasing the economic literacy of students of a physical education college contributes to their achieving the greatest results in the performance of future professional activities, including when performing managerial work in the field of physical culture and sports.

MEDICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL ASPECTS OF PHYSICAL CULTURE AND SPORTS

41-44 285
Abstract

Relevance. Physical education and sports are an important factor for the social rehabilitation of children with Down syndrome. The foundations of a healthy lifestyle are formed, first of all, in the family.

Purpose. To assess the prospects for the development of the rehabilitation system for children with Down syndrome by involving parent communities in the infrastructure of the rehabilitation process.

Methodology and organization of the research. The role of the family and parent communities in creating effective and accessible conditions for adaptive physical education and sports for children with Down syndrome in the Vladimir region is considered.

The results of the research. There are three organizations in the region that provide support to people with Down syndrome. At the same time, the activity of the parents themselves, who are not teachers or board members of NGOs, is extremely low. We believe that the promotion of adaptive sport in Russia should be supported at all levels of government, and not only by public organizations, whose leaders are often the parents themselves.

Conclusions. The role of the family in the development of motor skills remains an urgent issue in relation to a child with disabilities. Parents face the problem of lack of information, lack of specialists, overprotection. They need to be prepared for this by creating special programs.

45-48 215
Abstract

Relevance. Rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy is one of the most significant tasks of modern neurology. Due to the defeat of the central nervous system in patients with cerebral palsy, the work of voluntary movement schemes is disrupted, which determines the complexity of the formation of motor skills.

Purpose. To develop a training methodology aimed at correcting the motor skills of preschool children diagnosed with cerebral palsy.

Methods and organization of research. Preschoolers aged 6-7 with a diagnosis of cerebral palsy took part in the study. In the course of the study, a methodology was developed based on the use of exercises performed on Gross and MOTOmed training devices, fitball gymnastics, stretching exercises, fine motor skills development, as well as self-service skills implemented during classes during the day.

The results of the research. The conducted research allowed us to prove that the use of these means, methods and forms of organization of classes, applied in stages, is appropriate in classes. Conclusions. As a result of the conducted testing, it was revealed that the following motor skills were impaired in preschoolers 6-7 years old with a diagnosis of cerebral palsy: the ability to match the thumb with the rest of the fingers, the ability to be in a sitting position without a back, the ability to walk in full coordination, independently descend the stairs with support and without support.

PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL ASPECTS OF PHYSICAL CULTURE AND SPORTS

50-53 206
Abstract

Relevance. Passing the unified state exam in the Russian language is the first really important test of the effectiveness of students' knowledge under the strict guidance of a teacher. Having considered many different methodological manuals, books, magazines on preparasion that each teacher builds his own methodology for organizing preparation for the exam.

Purpose. To increase the efficiency of preparation for the Russian language exam for 1st-year students of a physical education college.

Methodology and organization of the research. Analysis of the test results within the framework of the Unified State Exam tasks showed the most problematic areas in the development of the secondary general education program in the Russian language. Next, we have analyzed the main tasks of writing an essay, the features of this genre of writing, as well as the purpose of its use in teaching the Russian language. After that, work was carried out with the students aimed at eliminating the identified errors and clarifying the features of the essayreasoning as a genre of written work.

The results of the research. For half a year, I conducted a study in which I identified the benefits of writing a reasoning essay for 1st-year students who study at the College of Physical Culture in the direction of "Skiing". When writing the first essay of judgment on a free topic, students identified certain types of errors.

Conclusions. Solving training tasks, analyzing tasks that cause difficulties in solving - this is the right way to successful completion and good scores. The test tasks are selected in accordance with the sections of the Russian language. Each student had an improved dynamic of writing the reasoning, at least in one of the points.

54-60 153
Abstract

Relevance. The article emphasizes the relevance of the study of emotional burnout in students. It is noted that in student-athletes it is due to the heterochronous onset of the stages of professional activity and professional training. The similarity of the third stage of burnout and addictive behavior is highlighted. The question is raised about the relationship between academic emotional burnout and addictions of various kinds.

Purpose. To identify the relationship of academic emotional burnout with various types of addictions in students studying in the direction of "Physical Culture". Methodology and organization of the research. The data of an experimental study are presented, which included the study of two groups of student-athletes: fulltime students, the average age is 19 years, and part-time students, the average age is 34 years.

The results of the research. It was found that both groups have high burnout rates. Due to their age, young athletes prefer non-physical addictions, such as gaming and spending time on social networks.

Conclusions. In the adult group, attempts to cope with burnout were more associated with chemical addictions and workaholism. With the help of statistical methods, the connection between emotional burnout in student-athletes and a tendency to addictive behavior has been proved.



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ISSN 2782-3245 (Online)